{"id":1370,"date":"2023-11-16T22:00:27","date_gmt":"2023-11-16T21:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9\/"},"modified":"2023-11-25T00:45:18","modified_gmt":"2023-11-24T23:45:18","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_custom color_primary with_img\"><div class=\"l-section-img\" role=\"img\" data-img-width=\"2198\" data-img-height=\"1543\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_ICO_460_0686-fond.jpg);background-repeat: no-repeat;\"><\/div><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-text us_custom_2865271d icon_atleft\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><i class=\"fas fa-code\"><\/i><span class=\"w-text-value\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633<\/span><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_703b2333\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631)<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_a91f0dc9\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 932 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_custom\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629\u064b. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1360 &#8211; 1420)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a (1554 &#8211; 1615)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642. <\/p>\n<p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_custom\" id=\"overview\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_2-1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>1. \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637<\/h2>\n<h4>1.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642&#8221;. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635.  <\/p>\n<h4>2.1 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1360 &#8211; 1420) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 600-661) \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1360 &#8211; 1420) \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u200b\u200b\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a (1830 &#8211; 1884) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633.   <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_none\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"838\" height=\"861\" src=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-478.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-478.png 838w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-478-292x300.png 292w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-478-779x800.png 779w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-478-584x600.png 584w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_584e1d76\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><br \/>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632<br \/>14 \u00d7 14 \u0633\u0645<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c OBJ-478<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><div class=\"w-image align_none\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"828\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Man-629-828x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Man-629-828x1024.jpg 828w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Man-629-243x300.jpg 243w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Man-629-647x800.jpg 647w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Man-629-485x600.jpg 485w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Man-629.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 828px) 100vw, 828px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_b35d1fa9\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a<\/strong><br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631<br \/>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642<br \/>\u0648\u0631\u0642 37 \u00d7 25 \u0633\u0645<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c MAN-629<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_custom\" id=\"why-us\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_559_676-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_559_676-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_559_676-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_559_676-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_559_676.jpg 1303w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_b35d1fa9\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/strong><br \/>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642<br \/>\u0648\u0631\u0642\u060c 39.5 \u00d7 58.5 \u0633\u0645<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c MAN-559<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_custom\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_2-1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>2. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0646 <\/h2>\n<h4>1.2 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1360 &#8211; 1420)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u062a\u0647. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0637\u063a\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f.    <\/p>\n<h4>2.2 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a (1554 &#8211; 1615)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0646 (\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u063a\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637. \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 (\u062a. 1577)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0630\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.  <\/p>\n<h4>3.2 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u200b\u200b\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a (1830-1886)<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u200b\u200b\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a (1830-1886) \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642. \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u063a\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0631\u062e \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 (766-818)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. <\/p>\n<p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_none\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"983\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_OBJET-3120_6696.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_OBJET-3120_6696.jpg 983w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_OBJET-3120_6696-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_OBJET-3120_6696-800x570.jpg 800w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_OBJET-3120_6696-600x427.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 983px) 100vw, 983px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_e2acedf8\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645<\/strong><br \/>\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u00ab\u0641\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646\u00bb<br \/>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u062b\u0644\u062b<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c OBJ-3120<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_558_508-683x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_558_508-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_558_508-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_558_508-533x800.jpg 533w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_558_508-400x600.jpg 400w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_558_508.jpg 1158w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_e2acedf8\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/strong><br \/>1891<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u062e: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631<br \/>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642<br \/>\u0648\u0631\u0642\u060c 45.5 \u00d7 74 \u0633\u0645<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c MAN-558<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_custom\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"774\" src=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_424_734-1024x774.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_424_734-1024x774.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_424_734-300x227.jpg 300w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_424_734-800x605.jpg 800w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_424_734-600x454.jpg 600w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/MAN_424_734.jpg 1546w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_e2acedf8\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u062e: \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a<br \/>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642<br \/>\u0648\u0631\u0642 39.5 \u00d7 30.5 \u0633\u0645<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c MAN-424<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_custom\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_2 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>3. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631)\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u062c\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0631. \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u062c\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631 (1265-1307)\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0644\u0646\u0643 (1336 &#8211; 1405) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_none\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-3592-1024x630.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-3592-1024x630.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-3592-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-3592-800x492.jpg 800w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Obj-3592.jpg 1276w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_584e1d76\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/strong><br \/><strong>\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629<\/strong><br \/>\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637<br \/>7 \u00d7 13.5 \u0633\u0645<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c OBJ-3592<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_custom\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_521_380-683x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_521_380-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_521_380-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_521_380-533x800.jpg 533w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_521_380-400x600.jpg 400w, https:\/\/calligraphie.adlania.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fondation_Adlania_MAN_521_380-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_584e1d76\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c 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